Navigation Menu

A collection of links and menus for website navigation.

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Anatomy

Import the component and assemble its parts:

Anatomy

API reference

Root

Groups all parts of the navigation menu. Renders a <nav> element at the root, or <div> element when nested.

defaultValueany(default: null)
Description

The uncontrolled value of the item that should be initially selected.

To render a controlled navigation menu, use the value prop instead.

Type
any
Default
null
valueany(default: null)
Name
Description

The controlled value of the navigation menu item that should be currently open. When non-nullish, the menu will be open. When nullish, the menu will be closed.

To render an uncontrolled navigation menu, use the defaultValue prop instead.

Type
any
Default
null
onValueChangefunction
Description

Callback fired when the value changes.

Type
| ((
    value: any,
    eventDetails: NavigationMenu.Root.ChangeEventDetails,
  ) => void)
| undefined
actionsRefRefObject<NavigationMenu.Root.Actions>
Description

A ref to imperative actions.

Type
| React.RefObject<NavigationMenu.Root.Actions>
| undefined
onOpenChangeCompletefunction
Description

Event handler called after any animations complete when the navigation menu is closed.

Type
((open: boolean) => void) | undefined
delaynumber(default: 50)
Name
Description

How long to wait before opening the navigation menu. Specified in milliseconds.

Type
number | undefined
Default
50
closeDelaynumber(default: 50)
Description

How long to wait before closing the navigation menu. Specified in milliseconds.

Type
number | undefined
Default
50
orientation'horizontal' | 'vertical'(default: 'horizontal')
Description

The orientation of the navigation menu.

Type
'horizontal' | 'vertical' | undefined
Default
'horizontal'
classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Root.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Root.State,
  ) => ReactElement)

List

Contains a list of navigation menu items. Renders a <div> element.

classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.List.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.List.State,
  ) => ReactElement)

Item

An individual navigation menu item. Renders a <div> element.

valueany
Name
Description

A unique value that identifies this navigation menu item. If no value is provided, a unique ID will be generated automatically. Use when controlling the navigation menu programmatically.

Type
any
classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Item.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Item.State,
  ) => ReactElement)

Trigger

Opens the navigation menu popup when hovered or clicked, revealing the associated content. Renders a <button> element.

nativeButtonboolean(default: true)
Description

Whether the component renders a native <button> element when replacing it via the render prop. Set to false if the rendered element is not a button (e.g. <div>).

Type
boolean | undefined
Default
true
classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Trigger.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Trigger.State,
  ) => ReactElement)
data-popup-open
Present when the corresponding navigation menu is open.
data-pressed
Present when the trigger is pressed.

Icon

An icon that indicates that the trigger button opens a menu.

classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Icon.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Icon.State,
  ) => ReactElement)

Content

A container for the content of the navigation menu item that is moved into the popup when the item is active. Renders a <div> element.

classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Content.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Content.State,
  ) => ReactElement)
data-open
Present when the popup is open.
data-closed
Present when the popup is closed.
data-activation-direction
Which direction another trigger was activated from.
data-starting-style
Present when the content is animating in.
data-ending-style
Present when the content is animating out.

A link in the navigation menu that can be used to navigate to a different page or section. Renders an <a> element.

activeboolean(default: false)
Name
Description

Whether the link is the currently active page.

Type
boolean | undefined
Default
false
classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Link.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Link.State,
  ) => ReactElement)
data-active
Present when the link is the currently active page.

Backdrop

A backdrop for the navigation menu popup. Renders a <div> element.

classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Backdrop.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Backdrop.State,
  ) => ReactElement)
data-open
Present when the popup is open.
data-closed
Present when the popup is closed.
data-starting-style
Present when the popup is animating in.
data-ending-style
Present when the popup is animating out.

Portal

A portal element that moves the popup to a different part of the DOM. By default, the portal element is appended to <body>.

containerUnion
Description

A parent element to render the portal element into.

Type
| HTMLElement
| React.RefObject<HTMLElement | null>
| null
| undefined
childrenReactNode
Type
React.ReactNode
keepMountedboolean(default: false)
Description

Whether to keep the portal mounted in the DOM while the popup is hidden.

Type
boolean | undefined
Default
false

Positioner

Positions the navigation menu against the currently active trigger. Renders a <div> element.

collisionAvoidanceCollisionAvoidance
Description

Determines how to handle collisions when positioning the popup.

Type
| {
    side?: 'none' | 'flip'
    align?: 'shift' | 'none' | 'flip'
    fallbackAxisSide?: 'none' | 'start' | 'end'
  }
| {
    side?: 'shift' | 'none'
    align?: 'shift' | 'none'
    fallbackAxisSide?: 'none' | 'start' | 'end'
  }
| undefined
Example
<Positioner
  collisionAvoidance={{
    side: 'shift',
    align: 'shift',
    fallbackAxisSide: 'none',
  }}
/>
alignAlign(default: 'center')
Name
Description

How to align the popup relative to the specified side.

Type
'center' | 'start' | 'end' | undefined
Default
'center'
alignOffsetnumber | OffsetFunction(default: 0)
Description

Additional offset along the alignment axis in pixels. Also accepts a function that returns the offset to read the dimensions of the anchor and positioner elements, along with its side and alignment.

The function takes a data object parameter with the following properties:

  • data.anchor: the dimensions of the anchor element with properties width and height.
  • data.positioner: the dimensions of the positioner element with properties width and height.
  • data.side: which side of the anchor element the positioner is aligned against.
  • data.align: how the positioner is aligned relative to the specified side.
Type
| number
| ((data: {
    side: Side
    align: Align
    anchor: { width: number; height: number }
    positioner: { width: number; height: number }
  }) => number)
| undefined
Default
0
Example
<Positioner
  alignOffset={({ side, align, anchor, positioner }) => {
    return side === 'top' || side === 'bottom'
      ? anchor.width
      : anchor.height;
  }}
/>
sideSide(default: 'bottom')
Name
Description

Which side of the anchor element to align the popup against. May automatically change to avoid collisions.

Type
| 'top'
| 'bottom'
| 'left'
| 'right'
| 'inline-end'
| 'inline-start'
| undefined
Default
'bottom'
sideOffsetnumber | OffsetFunction(default: 0)
Description

Distance between the anchor and the popup in pixels. Also accepts a function that returns the distance to read the dimensions of the anchor and positioner elements, along with its side and alignment.

The function takes a data object parameter with the following properties:

  • data.anchor: the dimensions of the anchor element with properties width and height.
  • data.positioner: the dimensions of the positioner element with properties width and height.
  • data.side: which side of the anchor element the positioner is aligned against.
  • data.align: how the positioner is aligned relative to the specified side.
Type
| number
| ((data: {
    side: Side
    align: Align
    anchor: { width: number; height: number }
    positioner: { width: number; height: number }
  }) => number)
| undefined
Default
0
Example
<Positioner
  sideOffset={({ side, align, anchor, positioner }) => {
    return side === 'top' || side === 'bottom'
      ? anchor.height
      : anchor.width;
  }}
/>
arrowPaddingnumber(default: 5)
Description

Minimum distance to maintain between the arrow and the edges of the popup.

Use it to prevent the arrow element from hanging out of the rounded corners of a popup.

Type
number | undefined
Default
5
anchorUnion
Name
Description

An element to position the popup against. By default, the popup will be positioned against the trigger.

Type
| Element
| React.RefObject<Element | null>
| VirtualElement
| (() => Element | VirtualElement | null)
| null
| undefined
collisionBoundaryBoundary(default: 'clipping-ancestors')
Description

An element or a rectangle that delimits the area that the popup is confined to.

Type
| Element
| 'clipping-ancestors'
| Element[]
| Rect
| undefined
Default
'clipping-ancestors'
collisionPaddingPadding(default: 5)
Description

Additional space to maintain from the edge of the collision boundary.

Type
| {
    top?: number
    right?: number
    bottom?: number
    left?: number
  }
| number
| undefined
Default
5
stickyboolean(default: false)
Name
Description

Whether to maintain the popup in the viewport after the anchor element was scrolled out of view.

Type
boolean | undefined
Default
false
positionMethod'fixed' | 'absolute'(default: 'absolute')
Description

Determines which CSS position property to use.

Type
'fixed' | 'absolute' | undefined
Default
'absolute'
trackAnchorboolean(default: true)
Description

Whether the popup tracks any layout shift of its positioning anchor.

Type
boolean | undefined
Default
true
classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Positioner.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Positioner.State,
  ) => ReactElement)
data-open
Present when the popup is open.
data-closed
Present when the popup is closed.
data-anchor-hidden
Present when the anchor is hidden.
data-align
Indicates how the popup is aligned relative to the specified side.
data-instant
Present if animations should be instant.
data-side
Indicates which side the popup is positioned relative to the trigger.
--anchor-height
The anchor's height.
--anchor-width
The anchor's width.
--available-height
The available height between the trigger and the edge of the viewport.
--available-width
The available width between the trigger and the edge of the viewport.
--positioner-height
The fixed height of the positioner element.
--positioner-width
The fixed width of the positioner element.
--transform-origin
The coordinates that this element is anchored to. Used for animations and transitions.

A container for the navigation menu contents. Renders a <nav> element.

classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Popup.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Popup.State,
  ) => ReactElement)
data-open
Present when the popup is open.
data-closed
Present when the popup is closed.
data-align
Indicates how the popup is aligned relative to the specified side.
data-side
Indicates which side the popup is positioned relative to the trigger.
data-starting-style
Present when the popup is animating in.
data-ending-style
Present when the popup is animating out.
--popup-height
The fixed height of the popup element.
--popup-width
The fixed width of the popup element.

Viewport

The clipping viewport of the navigation menu's current content. Renders a <div> element.

classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Viewport.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Viewport.State,
  ) => ReactElement)

Arrow

Displays an element pointing toward the navigation menu's current anchor. Renders a <div> element.

classNamestring | function
Description

CSS class applied to the element, or a function that returns a class based on the component’s state.

Type
| string
| ((state: NavigationMenu.Arrow.State) => string)
renderReactElement | function
Name
Description

Allows you to replace the component’s HTML element with a different tag, or compose it with another component.

Accepts a ReactElement or a function that returns the element to render.

Type
| ReactElement
| ((
    props: HTMLProps,
    state: NavigationMenu.Arrow.State,
  ) => ReactElement)
data-open
Present when the popup is open.
data-closed
Present when the popup is closed.
data-uncentered
Present when the popup arrow is uncentered.
data-align
Indicates how the popup is aligned relative to specified side.
data-side
Indicates which side the popup is positioned relative to the trigger.

Examples

Nested submenus

A NavigationMenu.Root component can be nested within a higher-level NavigationMenu.Content part to create a multi-level navigation menu.

The NavigationMenu.Link part can be customized to render the link from your framework using the render prop to enable client-side routing.

Next.js example

Large menus

When you have large menu content that doesn’t fit in the viewport in some cases, you usually have two choices:

  1. Compress the navigation menu content

You can change the layout of the navigation menu to render less content or be more compact by reducing the space it takes up. If your content is flexible, you can use the max-height property on Popup to limit the height of the navigation menu to let it compress itself while preventing overflow.

Compact layout
  1. Make the navigation menu scrollable
Scrollable layout

Native scrollbars will be visible while transitioning content, so we recommend using our Scroll Area component instead of native scrollbars to keep them hidden, which will also allow the Arrow to be centered correctly.